
Only 540 Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) are left in Aceh province.
In 1996 there were around 700, with a dramatic decrease over 15 years (1996 — 2011), according to data from the Natural Resources Conservation Center (BSKDA) of Aceh.
The BSKDA has noted that the main threats to these elephants are from hunting for their tusks, conflicts with locals, road and settlement construction and land reclamation for oil palm estates, which has forced elephants to feed closer to residential areas, sometimes leading to their death by poisoning.